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MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:108893. Rep. 69, 10811088 (2020). Clinical information was abstracted for 5,681 adults with COVID-19associated hospitalization during July 1, 2021January 31, 2022 (Table). Health and Human Services. For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. J. Med. 41, e81e86 (2022). Dis. Delta period: July 1, 2021December 18, 2021, reflects the time when Delta was the predominant circulating variant; Omicron period: December 19, 2021January 31, 2022, reflects the time when Omicron was the predominant circulating variant. There were only one hospitalized case among the children of vaccinated mothers and nine hospitalized cases among the children of unvaccinated mothers (Table1). The study was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease grant # 1R01AI168373-01 to O.Z. Overall, the study results support recommendations for vaccination during pregnancy to protect both mothers and their infants. Stock, Jade Carruthers, Rachael Wood, Joshua Guedalia, Michal Lipschuetz, Ofer Beharier, Tobias Homan, Sara Mazzilli, Domenico Martinelli, Manaf AlQahtani, Xing Du, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Jussipekka Salo, Milla Hgg, Lauri Sksvuori, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Nature Communications Med. Arthur Reingold, Jeremy Roland, Ashley Coates, California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California; Breanna Kawasaki, Rachel Herlihy, Isaac Armistead, Madelyn Lensing, Jordan Surgnier, Sarah McLafferty, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; Ann Basting, Tessa Carter, Maria Correa, Daewi Kim, Carol Lyons, Hazhia Sorosindi, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; Emily Fawcett, Katelyn Ward, Jana Manning, Asmith Joseph, Allison Roebling, Chandler Surell, Stephanie Lehman, Taylor Eisenstein, Suzanne Segler, Grayson Kallas, Marina Bruck, Rayna Ceaser, Annabel Patterson, Sabrina Hendrick, Johanna Hernandez, Hope Wilson, School of Medicine, Emory University, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Foundation for Atlanta Veterans Education and Research, Atlanta, Georgia; Jim Collins, Shannon Johnson, Justin Henderson, Sue Kim, Alexander Kohrman, Lauren Leegwater, Val Tellez Nunez, Sierra Peguies-Khan, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Kayla Bilski, Kristen Ehresmann, Richard Danila, Jake Garfin, Grace Hernandez, Kieu My Phi, Ruth Lynfield, Sara Vetter, Xiong Wang, Minnesota Department of Health; Daniel M. Sosin, Susan L. Ropp, Sunshine Martinez, Jasmyn Sanchez, Cory Cline, Melissa Judson, Florent Nkouaga, Mark Montoya, New Mexico Department of Health; Sarah Lathrop, Kathy M. Angeles, Yadira Salazar-Sanchez, Sarah A. Khanlian, Nancy Eisenberg, Dominic Rudin, Sarah Shrum Davis, Mayvilynne Poblete, Emily B. Hancock, Francesca Pacheco, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program; Yassir Talha, Celina Chavez, Jennifer Akpo, Alesia Reed, Murtada Khalifa, CDC Foundation, New Mexico Department of Health; Suzanne McGuire, Kerianne Engesser, Nancy Spina, Adam Rowe, New York State Department of Health; Sophrena Bushey, Virginia Cafferky, Maria Gaitan, Christine Long, Thomas Peer, Kevin Popham, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Julie Freshwater, Denise Ingabire-Smith, Ann Salvator, Rebekah Sutter, Ohio Department of Health; Sam Hawkins, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; Tiffanie Markus, Katie Dyer, Karen Leib, Terri McMinn, Danielle Ndi, Gail Hughett, Emmanuel Sackey, Kathy Billings, Anise Elie, Manideepthi Pemmaraju, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Amanda Carter, Andrea George, Andrew Haraghey, Ashley Swain, Caitlin Shaw, Laine McCullough, Mary Hill, Ryan Chatelain, Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah; Alvin Shultz, Robert W. Pinner, Rainy Henry, Sonja Mali Nti-Berko, CDC; Elizabeth Daly, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. The study had limitations worth noting. What are the implications for public health practice? CDC graphs show in detail the protection vaccines gave from hospitalization. Sadoff, J. et al. Compared with the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of unvaccinated hospitalized Black adults increased during the Omicron-predominant period. The development of a standardized neighborhood deprivation index. Morb. We conducted secondary sensitivity analyses restricting the population to infants who received at least one SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Article Sign up for notifications from Insider! Jackson, M. L. & Nelson, J. C. The test-negative design for estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness. These findings are consistent with the diminishing of pregnancy-derived antibodies in infants over time22. However, linking is sometimes not possible because CDC does not receive personally identifiable information about vaccine doses. The research was published yesterday in JAMA Internal Medicine. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. These persons are excluded from the proportions of race/ethnicity but are included in other analyses. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the effectiveness of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants during the first 2, 4, and 6 months of life during the Delta and Omicron variant periods. Beginning the week of December 1925, 2021, the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) became the predominant circulating variant in the United States (i.e., accounted for >50% of sequenced isolates). A WHO spokesman says China informed the WHO about the case, which involves a 53-year-old woman, on Feb 24. To ensure stability and reliability of rates by vaccination status, data are presented beginning when 14 days have passed since at least 5% of the population of adults aged 18 years in the COVID-NET surveillance catchment area had received an additional or booster dose. We excluded these infants because we were primarily interested in estimating the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines received during pregnancy; (7) mothers who received adenovirus vector vaccines or any non-mRNA platform vaccines during pregnancy; (8) mothers who did not receive their mRNA vaccinations in accordance with CDC recommendationse.g., the timing between dose 1 and dose 2 was not within the recommended intervals; and (9) infants who did not become KPNC members within two calendar months of their birth. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. While Omicron caused a big spike in COVID-19 cases, vaccinated people continued to be less likely to be hospitalized than the unvaccinated. Estimated effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against omicron or delta symptomatic infection and severe outcomes. Most mothers (66.14%) were between ages 25 and <35 years, and more than a quarter (27.27%) were of Asian race, 5.16% were Black, 24.44% were of Hispanic ethnicity and 37.57% were White. J. Med. Article All adults should stay up to date (1) with COVID-19 vaccination to reduce their risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization. Am. Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. The proportion of hospitalized Black adults who received a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with or without a booster or additional dose increased from 4.7% and 14.9%, respectively, during the Delta-predominant period to 14.8% and 25.5%, respectively, during the Omicron-predominant period; Hispanic adults experienced smaller increases. 387, 187189 (2022). New federal data shows adults who received the updated shots cut their risk of being hospitalized with . Hospitalization of infants and children aged 0-4 years with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 states, March 2020-February 2022. Only 16% of children between the ages of 5 and 11 are fully vaccinated, and that number climbs to just over 50% of adolescents between ages 12 and 17, according to CDC data . JAMA Intern. Hospitalization Risk from Omicron 'Around a Third of Delta' - WebMD CDC Charts Show Hospitalization Rates for Unvaxxed, 2 Doses, 3 Doses By clicking Sign up, you agree to receive marketing emails from Insider We, therefore, were unable to assess whether maternal infection provided some protection to their infants. The efficacy of COVID 19 vaccines for reducing the risk of severe COVID-19 infection is demonstrated in real life. COVID is still killing people every day. But its main victims have Vaccine 31, 31043109 (2013). You can review and change the way we collect information below. KPNC members are similar to the broad catchment population in Northern California in terms of sociodemographic characteristics34. https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1 According to the CDC, hospitalization rates among the unvaccinated were 16 times higher in December overall. . This was the highest age-adjusted weekly rate observed among any racial and ethnic group during the pandemic. During the Omicron-predominant period, hospitalization rates increased among unvaccinated persons and those who completed a primary series, with and without receipt of a booster or additional dose (Figure 2). In January 2022, unvaccinated adults and those vaccinated with a primary series, but no booster or additional dose, were 12 and three times as likely to be hospitalized, respectively, as were adults who received booster or additional doses. During the Omicron dominant period, maternal vaccination with at least two doses reduced the infants risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 43% (95% CI: 4, 69) during the first 2 months of life, 36% (95% CI:11, 55) during the first 4 months of life, and 41% (95% CI: 25, 53) during the first 6 months of life (Supplemental Table2). Pre-Omicron versions of Covid, in. Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. Ousseny Zerbo. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:134754. However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. The study provides evidence that a previous omicron infection in triple-vaccinated individuals provides high amounts of protection against BA.5 and BA.2 infections. Among fully vaccinated people without a booster, rates were lower at 3,355.5 per 100,000 for COVID-19 cases and 35.4 per 100,000 for hospitalizations. Dr. Klein reported receiving grants from Pfizer, Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi Pasteur. Sarah J. B., Lewis. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. Risk of reinfection, vaccine protection, and severity of infection with Persons with multiple, unknown, or missing race accounted for 6.9% (weighted) of all cases. Omicron symptoms: Here's what to expect and what we know about the Morb. This correction ensures that there is always a reasonable denominator for the unvaccinated population that would prevent hospitalization rates from growing unrealistically large because of potential overestimates of vaccination coverage. ICU admission status was missing in 1.3% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are included in other analyses. Omicron data in UK is 'enormously worrying,' immunologist says "In the last two weeks, no fewer than 80% of admissions were below the age of 50 years. KPNC has a comprehensive electronic health record system (Kaiser Permanente HealthConnect, a customized EPIC system), that captures detailed information on all medical services, including immunization, membership enrollment including place of residence, demographics, and pregnancy-related care from pregnancy onset to delivery, and beyond. conducted all statistical analysis in collaboration with O.Z. We observed that infants protection through vaccination during pregnancy decreased as they aged from 2 months to 6 months. Ann Intern Med 2021;174:140919. PDF COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Deaths by Vaccination Status in The prevalence of primary COVID-19 vaccination and of receipt of a booster dose were lower among Black adults compared with White adults. During the Omicron dominant period, receipt of 2 doses during pregnancy reduced the risk of the infant testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 21% (95% CI: 21, 48) during the first 2 months of life, 14% (95% CI: 8, 32) during the first 4 months of life, and 13% (95% CI: 3, 26) during the first 6 months of life (Table2). Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death Relative to the Delta-predominant period, a significantly shorter median length of hospital stay was observed during the Omicron-predominant period and smaller proportions of hospitalizations with intensive care unit admission, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation, or in-hospital death. Association of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants. Dis. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study that was conducted in Israel's second-largest . N. Engl. In this primary design, all eligible infants meeting inclusion criteria were included without sampling which improved power and minimized bias related to selection. Clinical trends among U.S. adults hospitalized with COVID-19, March to December 2020: a cross-sectional study. O.Z., N.P.K., and B.F. conceived and designed the study. BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in a nationwide mass vaccination setting. Initial hospital data from England and Denmark also suggest Omicron cases are less severe. Google Scholar. Most QCovid risk groups were tied to an increased risk of post-booster death, except congenital heart disease, asthma, and previous fracture. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site.