New York: Robert Appleton Company. Deposed and excluded from his own congregation, Alphonsus suffered great anguish. So bent was it in the beginning, that the pressure of his chin produced a dangerous wound in the chest. Among his best known works are The Glories of Mary and The Way of the Cross, the latter still used in parishes during Lenten devotions. With the aid of two laymen, Peter Barbarese, a schoolmaster, and Nardone, an old soldier, both of whom he converted from an evil life, he enrolled thousands of lazzaroni in a sort of confraternity called the "Association of the Chapels", which exists to this day. (London, 1904). In 1871, Alphonsus was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius IX. They also fought Jansenism, a heresy that preached an excessive moral rigorism: "the penitents should be treated as souls to be saved rather than as criminals to be punished". Feast day: August 1. In the last years of his life, he suffered a painful sickness and bitter persecution from his fellow priests, who dismissed him from the Congregation that he had founded. He was the eldest of seven children and the hope of his house. Prayer to Jesus Christ to Obtain His Holy Love - I Am Jesus More than once he faced assassination unmoved. The family was an old and noble one, though the branch to which the Saint belonged had become somewhat impoverished. The third book deals with the Ten Commandments, the fourth with the monastic and clerical states, and the duties of judges, advocates, doctors, merchants, and others. [4], Liguori learned to ride and fence but was never a good shot because of poor eyesight. [12], He was beatified on 15 September 1816 by Pope Pius VII and canonized on 26 May 1839 by Pope Gregory XVI.[13][14]. According to this view he chose a different formula from the Jesuit writers, partly because he thought his own terms more exact, and, partly to save his teaching and his congregation as far as possible from the State persecution which after 1764 had already fallen so heavily on the Society of Jesus, and in 1773 was formally to suppress it. Alphonsus, however, was unflagging in his efforts with the Court. Both of them were canonized on the same day as the Holy Doctor, 26 May, 1839. [10] He tried to refuse the appointment by using his age and infirmities as arguments against his consecration. Perhaps in any case the submission of their Rule to a suspicious and even hostile civil power was a mistake. He was born Alphonsus Marie Antony John Cosmos Damien Michael Gaspard de Liguori on September 27,1696, at Marianella, near Naples, Italy. St. Alphonsus tell us: "Modern heretics make a mockery of wearing the Scapular, they decry it as so much trifling nonsense." Yet many of the popes have approved and recommended it. Alphonsus was preaching missions in the rural areas and writing. His sermons were very effective at converting those who had been alienated from their faith. He founded the congregation with the charism of preaching popular missions in the city and the countryside. Brown Scapular Miracles Even if there be some exaggeration in this, for it is not in an advocate's power always to be on the winning side, the tradition shows that he was extraordinarily able and successful. St. Alphonsus Marie Liguori - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online Dignity and Duties of the Priest, Eugene Grimm ed., Benziger Brothers, New York, 1889, Free scores by Alphonsus Maria de' Liguori in the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki), "St Alphonsus", St. Alphonsus on Catholic Online, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alphonsus_Liguori&oldid=1141126599, Founders of Catholic religious communities, 18th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops, 18th-century Italian Roman Catholic theologians, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles containing Neapolitan-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Pages using sidebar with the child parameter, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia without Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Bishop, Moral Theologian, Confessor and Doctor of the Church, This page was last edited on 23 February 2023, at 13:49. Very few remarks upon his own times occur in the Saint's letters. Cardinals Spinelli, Sersale, and Orsini; Popes Benedict XIV, Clement XIII, Clement XIV, and Pius VI, to each of whom Alphonsus dedicated a volume of his works. Died: August 1, 1787. Though St. Alphonsus was founder and de facto head of the Institute, its general direction in the beginning, as well as the direction of Alphonsus's conscience, was undertaken by the Bishop of Castellamare and it was not till the latter's death, 20 April, 1743, that a general chapter was held and the Saint was formally elected Superior-General. The Fathers in the Papal States, with too precipitate zeal, in the very beginning denounced the change of Rule to Rome. When we cannot make it to daily Mass, however, we can still make an Act of Spiritual Communion. This was in 1780, when Alphonsus was eighty-three years old. St. Alphonsus Liguori Born at Marianella, near Naples, 27 September, 1696; died at Nocera de' Pagani, 1 August, 1787. In 1871, he was declared a Doctor of the Church. He was taught by tutors before entering the University of Naples, where he graduated with doctorates in civil and canon law at 16. His very confessor and vicar general in the government of his Order, Father Andrew Villani, joined in the conspiracy. His works have gone through several thousand editions and have been translated into more than 60 languages. It happened that Alphonsus, ill and overworked, had gone with some companions to Scala in the early summer of 1730. Two days after he was born, he was baptized at the Church of Our Lady the Virgin as Alphonsus Mary Anthony John Cosmas Damian Michael Gaspard de' Liguori. His promotion to the episcopate in 1762 led to a renewal of his missionary activity, but in a slightly different form. Soon after, Falcoia made known to the latter his vocation to leave Naples and establish an order of missionaries at Scala, who should work above all for the neglected goatherds of the mountains. In 1949, the Redemptorists founded the Alphonsian Academy for the advanced study of Catholic moral theology. St. Alphonsus likened the conflict between law and liberty to a civil action in which the law has the onus probandi, although greater probabilities give it a verdict. The rudder is humility, which, in the intellect, is a realization of our own unworthiness, and in the will, docility to right guidance. Saint Alphonsus Liguori | Prospect Heights, Illinois To all his administrative work we must add his continual literary labours, his many hours of daily prayer, his terrible austerities, and a stress of illness which made his life a martyrdom. Other saints and servants of God were those of Alphonsus's own household, the lay brother, St. Gerard Majella, who died in 1755, and Januarius Sarnelli, Csar Sportelli, Dominic Blasucci, and Maria Celeste, all of whom have been declared "Venerable" by the Church. Life of St Alphonsus and the Holy Eucharist | EWTN To supplement this, God allowed him in the last years of his life to fall into disgrace with the pope, and to find himself deprived of all external authority, trembling at times even for his eternal salvation. This was to be a momentous revolution for Alphonsus. [5], A gifted musician and composer, he wrote many popular hymns and taught them to the people in parish missions. Ecclesiastical approbation. At the worst, it was only the scaffolding by which the temple of perfection was raised. St. Alphonsus Liguori was a bishop and moral theologian living and preaching in Naples in the eighteenth century. Alternate titles: Saint Alfonso Liguori, Saint Alfonso Maria de Liguori, Saint Alphonsus Maria deLiguori. The priest was Alphonsus. He was somewhat worldly and ambitious, at any rate for his son, and was rough tempered when opposed. If any reader of this article will go to original sources and study the Saint's life at greater length, he will not find his labour thrown away. He finally agreed to become a priest but to live at home as a member of a group of secular missionaries. He became very popular because of his plain and simple preaching. Alphonsus had still one final storm to meet, and then the end. If you donate just $5.00, the price of your coffee, Catholic Online School could keep thriving. Preaching, Eugene Grimm ed., Benziger Brothers, New York, 1887, Liguori, Alphonsus. He was declared "Venerable", 4 May, 1796; was beatified in 1816, and canonized in 1839. St. Alphonsus Ligouri ''Rock'' Church, Saint Louis - Tripadvisor +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York. Shop St. Alphonsus Marie Liguori. The immediate author of what was practically a lifelong persecution of the Saint was the Marquis Tanucci, who entered Naples in 1734. Shrines were built there and at St. Agatha of the Goths. These form the first book of the work, while the second contains the treatises on Faith, Hope, and Charity. In addition, he published many editions of compendiums of his larger work, such as the "Homo Apostolicus", made in 1759. The Spirituality of St. Alphonsus Liguori | The Divine Mercy In addition his father made him practice the harpsichord for three hours a day, and at the age of thirteen he played with the perfection of a master. In fact, despite his youth, he seems at the age of twenty-seven to have been one of the leaders of the Neapolitan Bar. Could he have been what an Anglo-Saxon would consider a miracle of calm, he would have seemed to his companions absolutely inhuman. The eighteenth century was not an age remarkable for depth of spiritual life, yet it produced three of the greatest missionaries of the Church, St. Leonard of Port Maurice, St. Paul of the Cross, and St. Alphonsus Liguori. Nine editions of the "Moral Theology" appeared in the Saint's life-time, those of 1748, 1753-1755, 1757, 1760, 1763, 1767, 1773, 1779, and 1785, the "Annotations to Busembaum" counting as the first. The Saint's mother was of Spanish descent, and if, as there can be little doubt, race is an element in individual character, we may see in Alphonsus's Spanish blood some explanation of the enormous tenacity of purpose which distinguished him from his earliest years. His life contains a number of minor inaccuracies, however, and is seriously defective in its account of the founding of his Congregation and of the troubles which fell on it in 1780. Clarence F. Galli. ST. ROSE VON LIMA, SCHWESTER MARY ALPHONSUS katholisches - eBay St. Alphonsus Liguori. Riding and fencing were his recreations, and an evening game of cards; he tells us that he was debarred from being a good shot by his bad sight. The Neapolitan stage at this time was in a good state, but the Saint had from his earliest years an ascetic repugnance to theatres, a repugnance which he never lost. He answered emphatically: "Never! Bishop, Doctor of the Church, and the founder of the Redemptorist Congregation. He opposed sterile legalism and strict rigourism. Even its Rule was made known to her. At his General Audience, 30 March 2011, in St. Peter's Square, the Holy Father presented Saint Alphonsus Liguori, Doctor of the Church. Alphonsus himself was not spared. Home | St. Alphonsus Rock He was a lawyer, not only during his years at the Bar, but throughout his whole life--a lawyer, who to skilled advocacy and an enormous knowledge of practical detail added a wide and luminous hold of underlying principles.
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